RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Microbial infection plays an important role in exacerbation of chronic otitis media. The aim of this study was to analyse the microbiota in chronic otitis media in the context of local treatment. METHOD: In this prospective study, samples for microbiological examination were taken from 119 patients who underwent operation because of chronic otitis media. RESULTS: The results were compared between groups depending on the type of operation (none, tympanoplasty or radical), the presence of cholesteatoma or granulomatous tissue or discharge from the ear as a symptom of exacerbation. Antibiotic susceptibility of germs was analysed to define the strategy of treatment. A total of 209 samples were collected from 119 patients with chronic otitis media. CONCLUSION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were pathogens most frequently identified from the ear in the course of chronic otitis media. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was concerned with major pathology of the middle ear (radical surgery, cholesteatoma or granulomatous tissue, persisting discharge after treatment), whereas Staphylococcus aureus was obtained in dry perforations without other pathology in the middle-ear cavity. Ciprofloxacin was effective against Staphylococcus aureus, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were ciprofloxacin resistant.